Agricultural and Biological Research

Estimation of seepage losses using empirical formulas in comparisons with field test from Hajira Branch Canal

Khyati V. Mistry*

Canals are the major conveyance system of any irrigation project, delivering irrigation water to fields. Irrigation schemes include an extensive distribution system which is an expensive proposition. So, it is necessary to ensure that large water losses do not occur due to seepage. Most of these canals are earthen so considerable water losses occur due to seepage. In most of the earthen canals water is lost due to evaporation and seepage. The comparison between empirical formulas and field tests for estimating seepage losses in the Hajira Branch Canal offers valuable insights into the accuracy and reliability of different estimation methods. While empirical formulas provide a quick and accessible means of estimation, the findings from field tests underscore the importance of on-site measurements and real-time data collection for more precise assessments. However, evaporation losses are not more significant in most of the cases. Seepage loss is the prime factor in water loss in most of the earthen unlined canals. In the present study, a hajira branch canal is taken in consideration to determine seepage losses. These losses are computed by using Davis and Wilson formula, Molesworth and yennidunia empirical and analytical formula, Pakistani formula, Nazir ahmad formula and Mortiz formula, which are compared with field test results.